MAIOLICA products

Global methane budget were estimated for recent decades with multiple modeling technologies from MAIOLICA working packages - process-based emission modeling that provide prior emission estimates, global Lagrangian transport modeling and coupled chemistry-climate modeling that provide atmospheric chemical estimates, as well as inverse modeling that provide posterior estimates for all CH4 sources. MAIOLICA provides a suite of CH4-related data sets in NetCDF file type, which is a cooperative effort that incorporates the views of top-down and bottom-up approaches with a consideration of whole picture of atmospheric measurement for global CH4 budget. This will be of value for all users who need to calculate, evaluate climate impact of CH4 emissions on a global scale.

  1. Biogeochemical modeling
  2. Inverse atmosperhic modeling
  3. Climate-Chemistry modeling

(more description about how we incorporated in three models needed)

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Methane (CH4) is the second most important greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide (CO2). At present, it contributes about 17% to the total radiative forcing of all greenhouse gases as shown in Figure 1. CH4 emissions can be broadly grouped into three categories: biogenic, thermogenic and pyrogenic. Biogenic sources contain CH4 generated by methanogens under anaerobic environments such as wetlands, oxygen-poor freshwater ecosystems (such as lakes and reservoirs), rice paddies, digestive systems of ruminants and termites, and organic waste deposits. Thermogenic CH4 is vented from the subsurface through geological processes like volcanoes, or through the exploitation of fossil fuels. Pyrogenic CH4 is generated by the combustion of biomass and soil carbon during wildfires and fossil fuels.

ghg_radiative_forcing.png
Fig. 1: Contribution of different greenhouse gases to total radiative forcing in 2012.

Methane is emitted from a variety of natural and anthropogenic sources (Fig. 2).
Major natural sources including emissions from agriculture, wetlands, rice production, landfills and waste water treatment, are related to microbial activity: CH4 is released by methanogenic bacteria consuming organic material under anaerobic conditions.

ghg_source_partitioning.png
Fig. 2: Global natural and anthropogenic sources of methane.
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